Reactive Spondylitis, also known as reactive arthritis:
- Reactive Spondylitis, or reactive arthritis, is an inflammatory condition that typically occurs as a reaction to an infection in another part of the body.
- It is called "reactive" because it develops as a response to an infection, usually in the gastrointestinal or genitourinary tract.
- The most common triggering infections include gastrointestinal infections (such as Salmonella, Shigella, or Campylobacter) and genitourinary infections (such as Chlamydia trachomatis).
- Reactive Spondylitis primarily affects the joints, especially those in the lower extremities, such as the knees, ankles, and feet.
- It can also involve inflammation in the spine, causing spondylitis, which leads to lower back pain and stiffness.
- Other symptoms may include swollen and painful joints, redness and warmth in the affected areas, inflammation of the eyes (conjunctivitis or uveitis), and skin or nail changes.
- Diagnosis of reactive spondylitis is made based on medical history, physical examination, identification of a triggering infection, and ruling out other conditions.
- Treatment involves addressing the underlying infection, using medications to relieve inflammation and manage symptoms (such as NSAIDs or corticosteroids), and physical therapy for joint mobility and function.
- The condition is usually self-limiting and resolves within months to a year, although some individuals may experience recurrent or chronic symptoms.
- Prevention focuses on practicing safe hygiene measures, treating infections promptly, and practicing safe sexual behaviors to reduce the risk of reactive spondylitis.
